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GSK / Myleran

How does it work?
This medicine contains the active ingredient busulfan (previously spelt busulphan in the UK), which is one of a group of anti-cancer medicines called 'alkylating agents'.

Cancers form when some cells within the body multiply uncontrollably and abnormally. These cells then spread and destroy nearby tissues. Busulfan acts by slowing this process down. It kills cancer cells by damaging the DNA (the genetic material within the cells) and stops them from dividing.

Unfortunately, busulfan also affects normal, healthy cells and therefore it produces serious side-effects during long-term treatment. The most important side effect is in the bone marrow where blood cells are made. Regular blood tests may therefore be needed to prevent the damage becoming permanent.

Busulfan can be taken by mouth as a tablet. It is recommended that effective contraceptive measures be taken when either partner is taking busulfan.

What is it used for?

• Cancer of the blood, characterised by an increased number of granulocytes in the blood (chronic myeloid leukaemia - CML)
• Excessive levels of red blood cells in the blood (polycythaemia vera)